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A
Abdominal Aoritc Aneurysm
Adhesion: A fibrous band of scar tissue that binds together normally separate anatomical structures.
Ankle Anatomy
Ankle Fracture -Bi-malleolar
Ankylosing Spondylitis
Anterior Lumbar Disc Hernaition
arthroscopy: Examination of the interior of a joint, such as the knee, using a type of endoscope that is inserted into the joint through a small incision.
ataxia: Loss of the ability to coordinate muscular movement.
atrophy: A wasting or decrease in size of a body organ, tissue, or part owing to disease, injury, or lack of use: muscular atrophy of a person affected with paralysis.
B
Babinski sign: Extension upward of the toes when the sole of the foot is stroked firmly on the outer side from the heel to the front; normal in infants under the age of two years but a sign of brain or spinal cord injury in older persons
Bell's Palsy: A unilateral facial muscle paralysis of sudden onset, resulting from trauma, compression, or infection of the facial nerve and characterized by muscle weakness and a distorted facial expression.
Brachial Plexus
Brain - Anatomy
Brain - Anatomy & Functional Areas - Video
Brain - Aneurysm
Brain and Arteries
Brain Hemorrhage with Craniotomy
Brain-Functional Areas
Bursitis: Inflammation of a bursa, especially in the shoulder, elbow, or knee joint.
C
Carpal Tunnel Anatomy with Surgical Correction
carpal tunnel syndrome: A condition characterized by pain and numbing or tingling sensations in the hand and caused by compression of a nerve in the carpal tunnel at the wrist.
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome with Surgical Correction- Video
Cauda Equina: The 'tail' end of the spinal cord composed of the nerves, which supply the lower portion of the body. (The nerves somewhat resemble a horse's tail).
Cervical Arteries and Veins
Cervical Disc
Cervical Vertebra
Compression fracture: fracture (as of a vertebra) caused by compression of one bone against another
Computerized Muscle Testing - Hip Flexion - Video
Cord Compression: Any compression of the spinal cord by a space-occupying lesion as a herniated disc.
D
deQuervain's Syndrome: also known as "washerwoman's sprain", is an inflammation of the sheath or tunnel that surrounds two tendons that move your thumb
Dermatome: Skin level that corresponds to a neurological segment. An example would be the skin in the upper portion of an arm corresponds to the C5 nerve distribution.
diabetic neuropathy: A combined sensory and motor neuropathy, usual symmetric and segmental and involving autonomic neurons, seen frequently in older diabetic patients
Disc - Cervical - Video
Disc Bulging Annulus: A generalized smooth expansion of the disc due to chronic repetitive circumferential tears in the annulus secondary to rotational stresses from chronic wear and tear from everyday life activities. Note: These do not result from the incident trauma but if supporting ligaments are traumatically injured, the degenerative process can be accelerated and over time can be aresult of the trauma.
Disc Free Fragment: When a portion of a herniated disc becomes separated from the remainder of the disc. The fragment may migrate superiorly or inferiorly.
Disc Herniation: Focal disc protrusion due to a radial tear in the annulus through which the gelatinous nucleus pulposus passes. These occur suddenly and may be the result of trauma, lifting, bending.
Disc Herniation - Cervical with MRI Interpretation
Disc Herniation - Cevical Anterior Fusion
Disc Herniation - Discectomy
Disc Herniation - Lumbar Anterior
Disc Herniation - Lumbar with Discogram
Disc Herniation - Lumbar with Laminectomy, Forminotomy & Discectomy
Disc Herniation -Etiology and Pathology.: Herniation of the nucleus pulposus (HNP) through an anular defect causes focal protrusion of disk material beyond the margins of the adjacent vertebral end plate. (any directional displacement of the disc is a herniation).
Disc Herniation Lumbar - Right Paracentral
Disc Herniation-Anterior
Disc Herniation-Axial View
Disc-Herniated
E
Ear - Anatomy
Ear - Neurological Innervation
Epi-Dural Hematoma: Bleeding outside the dural covering of the brain. There is no bleeding inside the brain
Epilepsy: Any of various neurological disorders characterized by sudden recurring attacks of motor, sensory, or psychic malfunction with or without loss of consciousness or convulsive seizures
Eye - Anatomy and Function
F
Facet Joints
Fibromyalgia: A syndrome characterized by chronic pain in the muscles and soft tissues surrounding joints, fatigue, and tenderness at specific sites in the body. Also called fibromyalgia syndrome, fibromyositis, fibrositis.
Fibromyalgia Symptoms - Female
Fibromyalgia Symptoms - Male
Foot Anatomy
G
Guillain Barré Syndrome: A temporary inflammation of the nerves, causing pain, weakness, and paralysis in the extremities and often progressing to the chest and face. It typically occurs after recovery from a viral infection or, in rare cases, following immunization for influenza.
H
Hand Anatomy
Hip Anatomy
Hyperesthesia: Excess sensitivity, such as to touch or pinprick
Hypoesthesia: Decreased sensitivity, such as to touch or pinprick
I
Intervertebral Foramen: An opening or hole created by two adjacent vertebrate allowing the nerve root to pass through
J
K
Knee Anatomy
Knee Anatomy with Ligaments
L
lateral epicondylitis: painful inflammation of the tendon at the outer border of the elbow resulting from overuse of lower arm muscles (as in twisting of the hand)
Leg Anatomy
Lumbar Disc Herniation
Lumbar Disc Herniation with Nerve Root Impingement
Lumbar Spine Anatomy
M
Migraine: A severe recurring headache, usually affecting only one side of the head, characterized by sharp pain and often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and visual disturbances. Also called megrim.
Myelin: Sheath that covers a nerve and is responsible for nerve conduction
Myelopathy: A compression of the spinal cord with the ensuing clinical signs; signs of weakness, hyperreflexia, Babinski sign and sensory deficit below the level of compression
N
Nerve Root: An extension of the spinal cord as it exits the bony canal. There are two exiting nerve roots on each side at every vertebral level from C2-S1
Nerves-Brain and Peripheral Nerves
O
Osteoarthritis: A form of arthritis, occurring mainly in older persons, that is characterized by chronic degeneration of the cartilage of the joints. Also called degenerative joint disease.
P
Q
R
Radiculopathy: Disease of the spinal nerve root. Compression is considered a radiculopathic finding
Raynaud's syndrome: A circulatory disorder that affects the hands and feet, caused by insufficient blood supply to these parts and resulting in cyanosis, numbness, pain, and, in extreme cases, gangrene. Also called Raynaud's disease.
Reflex Sympatheic Injury
Reflex Sympathetic Dystrophy as a result of Traumatic Leg Injury
S
Sciatic Nerve Anatomy
Shoulder - Trauma Related Injuries
Shoulder Anatomy
Skeletal System - Anatomy
Skin Dermatome Levels Upper Extremity
Skin Dermatomes-Whole Body
Space Occupying Lesion: An object occupying a space it’s not intended to be: herniated disc, bulging disc, inflamed vein during congestion, tumor and foreign object
Spinal Column: 24 Movable vertebrae broken in to 4 parts, cervical, thoracic, lumbar and sacral. The cervical spine has 7 vertebrae, the thoracic has 12, the lumbar 5 and the sacrum in an adult is 1 segment. As a note: the thoracic spine are the vertebrae that are attached to ribs, those above are cervical and those below are lumbar.
Spinal Nerve - Anatomy
Spine Anatomy
Spondylosis: Degenerative changes in the disc and annulus with the formation of bony osteophytes that narrow the neural forame
Spondylosis
Stenosis: Constriction or narrowing of a passageway or opening, such as the spinal canal when a disc herniates and causes the canal to become smaller
Stenosis - Cervical with Bilateral Fusion
Stenosis - Lumbar Spine
Sternum - Fracture
Sub-Dural Hematoma: Bleeding in the brain below the dural level or in the brain, which is a covering of the brain
T
Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome - Video
Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Anatomy
Thecal Sac: The covering or sheath of the central nervous system including the brain, spinal cord and nerve root
Tinnitis: A sound in one ear or both ears, such as buzzing, ringing, or whistling, occurring without an external stimulus and usually caused by a specific condition, such as an ear infection, the use of certain drugs, a blocked auditory tube or canal, or a head injury.
TMJ - Anterior Displacement
U
V
Vertebral Column
W
Whiplash - with Cervical Herniation
Whiplash with Closed Head Injury
Whiplash-Disc Rim Lesion
Whiplash-Side to Side
X
Y
Z
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